Jepson RG, et al. Cranberries for preventing urinary tract infections. Sheffield JS, et al. Urinary tract infection in women. Kontiokari T, et al. Randomised trial of cranberry-lingonberry juice and Lactobacillus GG drink for the prevention of urinary tract infections in women. A controlled trial of intravaginal estriol in postmenopausal women with recurrent urinary tract infections. Perrotta C, et al. Oestrogens for preventing recurrent urinary tract infection in postmenopausal women. This content is owned by the AAFP.
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Get Permissions. Read the Issue. Sign Up Now. Previous: Weight Loss Maintenance. Next: Proteinuria in Children. Sep 15, Issue. C 16 Continuous and postcoital antimicrobial prophylaxis have demonstrated effectiveness in reducing the risk of recurrent UTIs.
A 19 Cranberry products may reduce the incidence of recurrent symptomatic UTIs. B 23 , 25 Use of topical estrogen may reduce the incidence of recurrent UTIs in postmenopausal women. B 26 , 27 Treatment of complicated UTIs should begin with broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage, with adjustment of antimicrobial coverage guided by culture results.
Enlarge Print Table 1. Table 1. Enlarge Print Table 2. Predisposing Factors for Complicated Urinary Tract Infection Immunosuppression Chronic renal insufficiency Diabetes mellitus Immunosuppressant medications Renal transplant Nosocomial factors and instrumentation Exposure to antibiotic-resistant bacteria Indwelling urinary catheter Intermittent catheterization Nephrostomy tube Ureteral stent Urinary tract anatomic abnormality Polycystic kidney disease Urethral valves Vesicoureteral reflux Urinary tract obstruction Bladder outlet obstruction Congenital abnormality Ureteral or urethral stricture Urolithiasis Voiding dysfunction Cystocele Multiple sclerosis Neurogenic bladder Information from references 6 and Table 2.
Enlarge Print Table 3. Table 3. Enlarge Print Figure 1. Figure 1. Enlarge Print Table 4. Continuous vs. Table 4. Enlarge Print Table 5. Guidelines for the Management of Recurrent Complicated UT Is A single urine specimen with a quantitative count of at least 10 5 colony-forming units per mL is consistent with a diagnosis of UTI in asymptomatic patients. Whenever possible, genitourinary abnormalities should be corrected. Table 5.
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Intercourse in the past month. Maternal history of UTIs. New sex partner in the past year. Spermicide use in the past year. Chronic renal insufficiency. Immunosuppressant medications. Nosocomial factors and instrumentation.
Exposure to antibiotic-resistant bacteria. Indwelling urinary catheter. Intermittent catheterization. Urinary tract anatomic abnormality. Polycystic kidney disease. Vesicoureteral reflux. Urinary tract obstruction. Bladder outlet obstruction. Congenital abnormality. Ureteral or urethral stricture. Voiding dysfunction. Nausea, fever, flank pain, costovertebral angle tenderness, pyuria with casts. Postmenopausal women, no infectious etiology.
Frequency, urgency, hematuria. Dysuria, fever, vulvar pain, grouped vesicles, tender inguinal adenopathy. Interstitial cystitis. Symptoms related to dietary intake, chemical irritant, or other exposures. Urgency, frequency, and possibly incontinence,.
Sexually transmitted infection. Vaginal discharge, history of unprotected sexual intercourse. Ciprofloxacin Cipro. Nitrofurantoin Macrodantin. Most chronic UTIs will resolve with a prolonged course of antibiotics, but monitoring for further symptoms is important since the chronic UTIs usually recur. People with UTIs should monitor their bodies and seek immediate treatment with the onset of a new infection. Early treatment of infection decreases your risk for more serious, long-term complications.
The classic symptoms of a urinary tract infection UTI are burning pain and frequent urination. Older adults may not experience the classic symptoms….
Is treating a UTI without antibiotics possible? Because of antibiotic resistance, more and more women are seeking out alternative treatments for UTIs…. With growing awareness of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, you….
Get the facts on your anatomy as well as tips for keeping your vagina happy, safe, and healthy. Urinary tract infections UTI may be most common in women, but they can affect men as well. We'll show you how to handle a UTI. Learn about the symptoms and causes of kidney infection, plus how this potentially serious condition is treated.
How often you pee can provide clues to your overall health. Find out what's normal and what conditions could affect your urine output. Drinking cranberry juice might offer health benefits. Urinary tract infections are common for pregnant women. Health Conditions Discover Plan Connect. Medically reviewed by Graham Rogers, M. What are the symptoms of a chronic urinary tract infection? What are the causes of chronic urinary tract infections?
Who is at risk for a chronic urinary tract infection? How is a chronic urinary tract infection diagnosed? How is a chronic urinary tract infection treated? What are the complications of a chronic urinary tract infection? What is the long-term outlook? How can I prevent a chronic urinary tract infection? Read this next. Medically reviewed by Daniel Murrell, M. Medically reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, Ph. Medically reviewed by Janet Brito, Ph. Medically reviewed by Daniel Bubnis, M.
Medically reviewed by Carissa Stephens, R. Medically reviewed by Judith Marcin, M. It may be helpful to:. Some studies have shown that cranberry products may have infection-fighting properties to help prevent urinary tract infections.
But evidence is limited and inconsistent. Cranberry does not help treat an existing UTI. There is a problem with information submitted for this request. Sign up for free, and stay up-to-date on research advancements, health tips and current health topics, like COVID, plus expert advice on managing your health. Error Email field is required. Error Include a valid email address.
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