Each move that a skater performs — jump, spin, footwork sequence, throw, lift, etc. Skaters can earn extra points for completing it well, or lose points for poor execution. This is called the technical element score, or TES. The more difficult the move, the higher the base value. For example, a quadruple toe loop worth A triple lutz 6 points has a higher base value than a triple salchow 4. If you want to learn more about the base values, check out this handy scoring guide via U. Figure Skating.
The judging panel always includes a technical specialist assisted by a group known as the technical panel. For jumps, the technical specialist identifies the jumps and determines whether they are landed cleanly or under-rotated — which is when the skater lands the jump too early and completes part of the turn on the ice, rather than in the air.
You can usually spot an under-rotation by the spray of snow near the toepick when the skater lands. If a jump is under-rotated, the skater automatically loses points. If a skater falls on a jump, they automatically lose one point for the fall, but can still earn points for the attempt — their total will just be less than the base value. For spins, footwork, and other moves like lifts in pairs or dance , the technical specialist also assigns a level of difficulty to the move — from one to four, four being the most difficult.
Alongside the base score, the judges each either add or subtract points for how well or poorly the move was performed. Final decisions on elements and levels are determined by the majority opinion of the controller and two specialists. Both specialists and the controller are recorded with an audio tape during each program, and video will be available to verify calls.
The scores are final once they are posted and announced to the public. A maximum of nine judges make up the judging panel at a competition. The judges focus completely on scoring the quality of each technical element and the five program components for each skater.
A computer keeps track of comparative scores, records results and calculates totals to determine placements. Each element of the program is assigned a base value, which gives skaters credit for every element they perform. Some elements, such as spins and step sequences, have levels of difficulty on which the base values are established. GOEs are proportional to the base value of each element.
The highest and lowest scores for each element are thrown out, and the remaining scores are averaged to determine the final GOE for each element. The GOE is then added to or subtracted from the base value for each element, and the sum of the scores for all elements forms the technical score.
The judges will award points on a scale from 0. As with GOEs, the highest and lowest scores for each component are thrown out, and the remaining scores are averaged. The final program components scores are then multiplied by a set factor to ensure the technical score and program components score are balanced. Skating Skills - Overall skating quality, including edge control and flow over the ice surface edges, steps, turns, speed, etc. But because elements now have base values and can each account for a certain number of points, flaws in the way a skater executes them — and any resulting point deductions for mistakes — are now tabulated on an element-by-element basis.
Another instance where a skater might be penalized with a deduction is if they under-rotate a jump. But there are cases where a skater may complete the jump yet still fall short of performing three full revolutions.
When a skater performs a jump and misses more than quarter of a revolution but less than half of one, they are docked points for under-rotation. A skater who under-rotates a jump will only receive 70 percent of the base value of the intended jump.
The skater above was trying to go for 6. On top of that, their GOE scores reflected how poorly they executed the attempted triple jump, and their score suffered even more. Essentially, the jumps a skater performs will always have a base value.
Judges can also ding a skater for mistakes on other technical elements like spins, or for not performing required program elements. Skaters can even be penalized for things like costume violations. But the clearest place to see deductions is in how the judges score jumps. They usually award lower scores to skaters who make figure skating look like the hard work that it is. And with transitions, judges are looking for intricate, varied footwork in the pockets of time between jumps and spins.
Then the remaining scores get averaged out. For example, on the first line of the scoresheet below, you can see that the highest GOE score the skater received was a 2 and the lowest was a 1, so one of the 2s and one of the 1s will be discarded, and then the remaining seven scores will be averaged. For example, a triple lutz has a base value of 6. The highs and lows in each category are thrown out, and the remaining scores are averaged.
The resulting total component score is then multiplied by a factor of 0. According to NBC, the weight of the component score goes up in the free skate to match the technical score, and so the overall score comes from both equally. Then any overall deductions for falls are subtracted. In the GOE column to the right of the red box, you can see his averaged GOE scores for each element which, again, can be as high as 3 or as low as Just like with his GOE scores, the high and low numbers for each of the five categories were thrown out, and then the remaining numbers were averaged together.
Finally, his total component score was multiplied by 2. Remember, the component score multiplier changes depending on the event, as described above. One of the biggest questions during the team event in Pyeongchang was how OAR Olympic Athlete from Russia skater Mikhail Kolyada ended up with a higher score for his messy free skate than Adam Rippon, whose free skate seemed near flawless.
Kolyada finished with a total free skate score of This outcome stems from the fact that a messier program with a higher level of difficulty can score higher than a clean program with a lower level of difficulty. Those quads are what helped him achieve the higher base value. But no matter how sloppy those jumps were, merely doing them earned Kolyada a higher base value score. Before , under the older 6.
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